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![]() ![]() In the past week I was reading two comments of two senior doctors: doctor Baron-Harlev, the CEO of Schneider, and Professor Wolf, the chief of the Oncology ward in Ichilov. ![]() The incidents are mostly as I know assaulting what may seem to very concerned family members as arrogancy or apathy towards their families, and verbal assaults. This isn't new matter: violence against medical or educational staff. The main argument of the paper is that violence is anti-democratic manner to resolve problems and the main finding is that it is influence from the Old Testament which brings to violence. The paper tracking the opinions over the ancient world's violence, later connecting to nowadays battlefields in the politics and finishing in discussing violence in violent stigmatized genres: rock and Wagnerian operas. The main theme that brought me into it is the violence against medical staff recently. The thesis shows that existing responses have mainly been designed to address sexual violence against women and need to be re-adapted to male survivors without losing focus on female survivors as they suffer most from sexual violence. Discussion and analysis of the findings point out to a systemic inattention around the issue of sexual violence against men reinforcing barriers to health care. While masculinity constituted a barrier to health care for most male survivors, this thesis shows that it can also facilitate access to health care for some survivors. Generally, findings show that gender beliefs regarding masculinity and rape, lack of information about care programmes for male survivors, a dysfunctional justice system, distance from home to care programs and insecurity were perceived as major impediments to care access for male survivors. Findings were interpreted through the lenses of ecological and gender theories and through hegemonic masculinity and holistic care model concepts. Drawing from semi-structured interviews with service providers, male survivors and from focus group discussions with community members in Eastern DRC, this thesis set out to explore challenges and barriers related to meeting the needs of male survivors of sexualized violence. Most studies on sexual violence against men focus on forms, causes and consequences of this phenomenon giving little/or no attention to complex challenges and barriers affecting access to care for survivors. In conjunction with the second part where modern evidence is discussed, the current papers provide an historical, cultural and psychological insight into the persistence of sexual violence and its influences. In addition, apparent chaos in the battlefield appears more structured than expected and physical satisfaction offers only a partial explanation to the violence. This investigation showed that ancient sources held multiple, often contradictory attitudes to sexual violence. What contemporary attitudes to these actions are conveyed by the sources? Did violations follow patterns as to how and when they were executed or did they take place at random? Was individual, physical gratification the sole motive? Ancient historiography and prose was researched and modern theories applied for the purpose of interpreting cases in greater detail. The current paper explores how violence is described by ancient authors-Homer, Herodotus, Livy, Hebrew prophets and others-and in which contexts it occurs. Rape has also been discussed as a main topic. Many references to sexual violence in modern literature appear in studies on siege warfare. The focus here is on its perpetration throughout history, beginning with ancient Greek, Roman and Israeli societies. Sexual violence frequently occurs in warfare. ![]()
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